FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI FLEKSIBILITAS TENAGA KERJA KONTRAK DAN PARUH WAKTU PADA UMKM DI JAWA TENGAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35591/wahana.v17i2.97Abstract
This study investigates the determinants of outsourcing-based human resources management in small enterprises in Central Java. The conceptual framework follows adaptive flexibility model that hinges upon the characteristics of the firms. Using multistage sampling, the results show that less than one fourth of the sample adopts outsourcing-based employee. Further, the study provides supportive evidence to the variables of competitiveness, environmental uncertainty, and firm size. The findings imply that small enterprises in Central Java pursue strategy that differs from their non Indonesian counterparts.
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menemukan model penerapan fleksibilitas sumberdaya manusia pada UMKM di Jawa Tengah dalam merespon perubahan yang terjadi, ditinjau dari berbagai karakteristik yang dimiliki. Fleksibilitas diukur dari proporsi tenaga kerja kontrak dan paruh waktu yang digunakan. Target populasi adalah UMKM di Jawa Tengah yang mempekerjakan minimal 1 karyawan. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan multistage sampling. Pertama mengambil 4 kota/kabupaten, dan kedua mengambil UMKM yang mewakili ko/kabupaten tersebut. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara terstruktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar UMKM di Jawa Tengah mengandalkan tenaga kerja tetap, dan hanya sedikit (22,25%) yang menggunakan tenaga kerja kontrak dan paruh waktu. Dari sebelas hipotesis yang diajukan hanya 3 yang didukung, yakni Kekuatan Bersaing, Ketidakpastian Lingkungan, dan Ukuran Perusahaan. Delapan hipotesis yang lain menunjukkan hasil yang tidak signifikan. Bisa disimpulkan bahwa strategi fleksibilitas yang digunakan oleh UMKM di Jawa Tengah mempunyai pola yang berbeda dengan yang dilakukan di negara lain. Kata kunci: Fleksibilitas, Tenaga kerja kontrak, Tenaga kerja paruh waktu, UMKM.
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