Experience Matters: “How Performance Expectancy Shapes Auditors' Intention to Adopt Blockchain Technology”
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35591/wahana.v28i2.964Keywords:
Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Experience, Intention to adopt Blockchain TechnologyAbstract
This study looks into the main elements that influence internal auditors' readiness to use blockchain technology. Primary data were collected from 165 auditors using a five-point Likert scale. Framed by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), the study analyzes how performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence relate to adoption intention, while also examining professional experience as a moderating factor. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed for the analysis. The results show that performance expectancy, social influence, and effort expectancy all play significant roles in shaping auditors’ adoption decisions. Support from colleagues and supervisors emerged as the strongest catalyst, followed by perceptions of improved audit efficiency and transparency; professional experience, however, only amplifies performance expectations without altering the effects of perceived ease of use or social support. Theoretically, these findings extend the UTAUT framework to the implementation of blockchain technology in auditor’s profession, demonstrating the validity of its constructs in a fast-moving, high risk technological environment. Practically, the insights offer audit firms concrete guidance for designing socially oriented interventions, training programs that highlight functional benefits, and incentive structures to boost acceptance. Additionally, understanding how experience moderates’ adoption allows organizations to tailor their approach to different user expertise levels, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of technology implementation.
Downloads
References
Abdennadher, S., Grassa, R., Abdulla, H., & Alfalasi, A. (2022). The effects of blockchain technology on the accounting and assurance profession in the UAE: an exploratory study. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 20(1), 53–71. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRA-05-2020-0151
Alkhwaldi, A. F., Alidarous, M. M., & Alharasis, E. E. (2024). Antecedents and outcomes of innovative blockchain usage in accounting and auditing profession: an extended UTAUT model. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 37(5), 1102–1132. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-03-2023-0070
Alkhwaldi, A. F., Alobidyeen, B., Abdulmuhsin, A. A., & Al-Okaily, M. (2023). Investigating the antecedents of HRIS adoption in public sector organizations: integration of UTAUT and TTF. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 31(7), 3251–3274. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-04-2022-3228
Alnaimat, M. A., Kharit, O., Purhani, S., Symonenko, O., & Bratus, H. (2023). The Impact of using Blockchain on the Auditing Profession. WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications, 20, 364–374. https://doi.org/10.37394/23209.2023.20.39
Amalia, R., & Pratolo, S. (2024). Private Higher Education Intention in Adopting Blockchain Technology on Accounting Information System (AIS). Public Accounting and Sustainability, 1(2), 69–83. https://doi.org/10.18196/pas.v1i2.18
Cahan, S. F., & Sun, J. (2015). The Effect of Audit Experience on Audit Fees and Audit Quality. Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance, 30(1), 78–100. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X14544503
Castellanos, S. (2019). PwC Tests Blockchain for Validating Job Candidates' Credentials. wsj.com. https://www.wsj.com/articles/pwc-tests-blockchain-for-validating-job-candidates-credentials11554324777?mod=Searchresults_pos2&page=1
Curtis, M. B., & Payne, E. A. (2008). An examination of contextual factors and individual characteristics affecting technology implementation decisions in auditing. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 9(2), 104–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accinf.2007.10.002
Conde, R., Dinulescu, C., & Pointer, L. (2025). Multi-level leadership interactions in sales: exploring gender, performance and tenure effects. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-08-2024-0581
Dai, J., & Vasarhelyi, M. A. (2017). Toward blockchain-based accounting and assurance. Journal of Information Systems, 31(3), 5–21. https://doi.org/10.2308/isys-51804
Ethereum. (2025). Smart contracts: What are the benefits? Ethereum.org. Retrieved April 24, 2025, from https://ethereum.org/en/smart-contracts/#public-record
Fanning, K., & Centers, D. P. (2016). Blockchain and Its Coming Impact on Financial Services. Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance, 27(5), 53–57. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22179
Ferri, L., Spanò, R., Ginesti, G., & Theodosopoulos, G. (2020). Ascertaining auditors’ intentions to use blockchain technology: evidence from the Big 4 accountancy firms in Italy. Meditari Accountancy Research, 29(5), 1063–1087. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR-03-2020-0829
Ferri, L., Spanò, R., Maffei, M., & Fiondella, C. (2020). How risk perception influences CEOs’ technological decisions: extending the technology acceptance model to small and medium-sized enterprises’ technology decision makers. European Journal of Innovation Management, 24(3), 777–798. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-09-2019-0253
Fullana, O., & Ruiz, J. (2011). Accounting information systems in the blockchain era. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3517142
Hamadeh, A. H., Nouraldeen, R. M., Mahboub, R. M., & Hashem, M. S. (2025). Auditors' Intention to Use Blockchain Technology and TAM3: The Moderating Role of Age. Administrative Sciences, 15(2), 1- 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/ admsci15020061
Handoko, B. L., & Lantu, J. E. (2021). UTAUT 2 model for predicting auditor’s blockchain technology adoption. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 82–89. https://doi.org/10.1145/3481127.3481168
Hoque, R., & Sorwar, G. (2017). Understanding factors influencing the adoption of mHealth by the elderly: An extension of the UTAUT model. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 101, 75–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2017.02.002
Huang, J., Fang, F., Leong, Y. C., & Yiing, L. S. (2025). Exploring Blockchain Adoption in Food Safety: A Dual-Stakeholder Perspective Using the UTAUT Model. Journal of Ecohumanism, 4(1), 3160–3176. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v4i1.6133
Jumah, A., Li, Y., & Yuan, L. (2020). Adoption of Blockchain Technology: A Study on Antecedents (Vol. 7). https://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2020/accounting_info_systems/accounting_info_systems/7
KPMG. (2025). Crypto, blockchain and Web3. kpmg.com. https://kpmg.com/us/en/capabilitiesservices/kpmg-innovation-services/crypto-blockchain-web3.html
Lombardi, R., de Villiers, C., Moscariello, N. and Pizzo, M. (2022), "The disruption of blockchain in auditing - a systematic literature review and an agenda for future research", Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, Vol. 35 No. 7, pp. 1534-1565. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-10-2020-4992
Maervelym Pâmella de Andrade Simões, Janeide Albuquerque Cavalcanti, Janaina Ferreira Marques de Melo, & Cristiane Queiroz Reis. (2021). Benefits of using Blockchain technology as an accounting auditing instrument. REVISTA AMBIENTE CONTÁBIL - Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte - ISSN 2176-9036, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.21680/2176-9036.2021v13n1id23626
Majeed, R. H., & Taha, A. A. D. (2024). A survey study of Iraqi auditors’ adoption of blockchain technology. Asian Review of Accounting, 32(3), 521–546. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARA-01-2023-0015
Neufeld, D. J., Dong, L., & Higgins, C. (2007). Charismatic leadership and user acceptance of information technology. European Journal of Information Systems, 16(4), 494–510. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ejis.3000682
Nurleni, N., Bandang, A., Darmawati, & Amiruddin. (2018). The effect of managerial and institutional ownership on corporate social responsibility disclosure. International Journal of Law and Management, 60(4), 979–987. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-03-2017-0078
Ølnes, S., Ubacht, J., & Janssen, M. (2017). Blockchain in government: Benefits and implications of distributed ledger technology for information sharing. In Government Information Quarterly (Vol. 34, Issue 3, pp. 355–364). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2017.09.007
Rapoport, M. (2018). PwC Has an Answer for the Blockchain: Audit It. wsj.com. https://www.wsj.com/articles/pwc-has-an-answer-for-the-blockchain-audit-it1521194401?mod=Searchresults_pos1&page=1
Rasoolimanesh, S.M., Ringle, C.M., Sarstedt, M. and Olya, H. (2021), "The combined use of symmetric and asymmetric approaches: partial least squares-structural equation modeling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis", International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. 33 No. 5, pp. 1571-1592. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-10-2020-1164
Rosli, K., Yeow, P., & Siew, E.-G. (2012). Factors Influencing Audit Technology Acceptance by Audit Firms: A New I-TOE Adoption Framework. Journal of Accounting and Auditing: Research & Practice, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5171/2012.876814
Schmitz, J., & Leoni, G. (2019). Accounting and Auditing at the Time of Blockchain Technology: A Research Agenda. Australian Accounting Review, 29(2), 331–342. https://doi.org/10.1111/auar.12286
Sinha, S. (2020). Blockchain—Opportunities and challenges for accounting professionals. In Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance (Vol. 31, Issue 2, pp. 65–67). John Wiley and Sons Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22430
Tan, B. S., & Low, K. Y. (2019). Blockchain as the Database Engine in the Accounting System. Australian Accounting Review, 29(2), 312–318. https://doi.org/10.1111/auar.12278
Tarhini, A., Elyas, T., Akour, M. A., & Al-Salti, Z. (2016). Technology, Demographic Characteristics and E-Learning Acceptance: A Conceptual Model Based on Extended Technology Acceptance Model. Higher Education Studies, 6(3), 72. https://doi.org/10.5539/hes.v6n3p72
Treiblmaier, H., & Garaus, M. (2023). Using blockchain to signal quality in the food supply chain: The impact on consumer purchase intentions and the moderating effect of brand familiarity. International Journal of Information Management, 68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102514
Venkatesh, V., & Bala, H. (2008). Technology Acceptance Model 3 and a Research Agenda on Interventions. In The Author Journal Compilation C (Vol. 39). Decision Sciences Institute.
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems, 27(3), 425–478. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
Venkatesh, V., Thong, J. Y. L., & Xu, X. (2012). Consumer acceptance and use of information technology: Extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology. MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems, 36(1), 157–178. https://doi.org/10.2307/41410412
Wang, L., Luo, X. (Robert), Lee, F., & Benitez, J. (2022). Value creation in blockchain-driven supply chain finance. Information and Management, 59(7). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2021.103510
White, B. S., King, C. G., & Holladay, J. (2020). Blockchain security risk assessment and the auditor. In Journal of Corporate Accounting and Finance (Vol. 31, Issue 2, pp. 47–53). John Wiley and Sons Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.22433
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Wahana: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Akuntansi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
